Throughout his career, he has authored and coauthored numerous papers on the various aspects of concrete gravity dams. Earthquake analysis of concrete gravity dam springerlink. Each discussion is composed of two parts, the basic considerations and the criterion statement. Structural assessment of the mignano solidgravity dam. Concrete gravity dams are an important part of the nations infrastructure. In this work the study of these factorswas made according to two standard method s, usbr and usace, which are varied in the. Pdf design and analysis of concrete gravity dams researchgate. A twostage procedure was proposed in 1978 for the analysis phase of.
Massive structures such as concrete gravity dams are very important and complex with respect to safety and stability. Particular attention is given to the coupled field thermal structural transient analysis in which all the available monitoring data are implemented. Relation of the course to past and future studies students are required to be familiar with the following subjects. Earthquake damage analysis of concrete gravity dams. Gravity dams may be classified by plan as straight gravity dams and curved gravity. A general procedure for analysis of the response of concrete gravity dams, including the dynamic effects of impounded water and flexible foundation rock, to the transverse horizontal and vertical components of earthquake ground motion is presented. The code automates the prediction and evaluation of cracking in the dam, along the damrock interface, and in the foundation using incremental nonlinear analysis techniques based on the smeared crack approach. Centrifuge modeling and analysis of concrete gravity dams. Types of concrete gravity dams the engineering community. Concrete and masonry dams the national academies press.
Dec 17, 2017 modelling and apply pushover and cyclic load test on beam column by abaqus and get hysteresis loop duration. Methods of analysis used to design arch and gravity type concrete dams should 1 numbers in brackets refer to items in the bibliography. Hydrothermomechanical analysis of an existing gravity. This chapter introduces a book that focuses on the fracture mechanics of structural concrete. The weight of gravity dam will cause a moment opposite to the overturning moment and the friction on the base will prevent the dam from sliding. For this type of dam, impervious foundations with high bearing strength are essential. Gravity dams gravity dams criteria for selection of dam site, construction material, forces acting on gravity dam, modes of failure, stability analysis, safety criteria, methods of design, stress analysis and stress contours, galleries, instrumentation, joints, keys, water seals, temperature control in concrete dams, foundation treatment.
Earthquake analysis and design of concrete dams has progressed from static force methods based on seismic coefficients to modern procedures that are based on the dynamics of damwaterfoundation systems. In 19982003, he served as the rcc design task leader for the olivenhain dam in san diego, california. Following an overview of centrifugal testing, this paper reports on the first centrifuge testing of concrete gravity dam models. The pressure due to this seepage is commonly called hydrostatic uplift and will reduce the stability of the dam against sliding and against overturning. Types of concrete gravity dams introduction gravity dams are solid concrete structures that maintain their stability against design loads.
Welcome to the civilax virtual library, the most comprehensive online civil engineering resource collection in the world. This technical report summarizes the results of an investigation of key aspects of guidance published by the corps, reclamation, and ferc used to calculate the stability of gravity dam sections. The stability of concrete gravity dam is analyzed by. Finite element analysis structural dynamics fluid mechanics 7.
Learning outcome after this lecture, students should be able to 1. Pdf static and dynamic analysis of concrete gravity dams. Fragility analysis of concrete gravity dams journal of. Seismic safety evaluation of concrete dams 1st edition. Final report, author, abstractnote this report presents the results of a threeyear study of uplift pressures and strengths which are used for stability evaluations of concrete gravity dams. The nile delta contributed book project published by springer international publishing in 2017. For structures consisting of a section of concrete gravity dam within an. Deep antislide stability is a more complicated problem than shallow antislide stability. The concrete material remains elastic with no damage at the end of the second step, after the dam has been subjected to the gravity and hydrostatic pressure loads.
This study proposes a methodology for the proper modelling and characterisation of. Design manual for concrete gravity dams, parts 115 united states. Cadam is primarily designed to provide support for learning the principles of structural stability evaluation of gravity dams. This paper presents a finite element modelling procedure to determine the thermal response of concrete gravity dams. Curved gravity dams designed for arch action and other types of concrete gravity dams are not covered in this manual. This starts when contemporary structural analysis methods such as a finite element method were incorporated into. Here you can explore structural dynamics and earthquake engineering books. Analysis of gravity dam dams are structures whose purpose is to raise the water level on the upstream side of river, stream, or other waterway. Concrete dam engineering 1 0401544 hydraulic structures university of sharjah dept. The book aims to discuss the latest developments in computational theories on multiplecrack analysis and mixedmode fracture in structural concrete and the application of these theories to solve important engineering problems.
Previous ferc gravity dam guidance dealt with nappe forces by ignoring the weight of the nappe. Cg dams is a finite element based program written specifically for the stability analysis of concrete gravity dams. Cooling and insulating systems for mass concrete are addressed in aci 207. Cavitation effect and local impact phenomena as a result of change of direction of ground motion was studied for pine flat dam, located in kern country.
Seismic analyses could be done using either the pseudostatic or a simplified response spectrum method. Seismic safety evaluation of concrete dams sciencedirect. This starts when contemporary structural analysis methods such as a finite element. After demonstrating that traditional design procedures are unrealistic, a method for design of concrete gravity dams to remain essentially within the elastic range of behavior is presented. Journal of earthquake engineering and structural dynamics, 9, 363383. The nile delta contributed book project published by springer. Earthquake analysis of gravity dams including damwater foundation rock interaction. The code automates the prediction and evaluation of cracking in the dam, along the dam rock interface, and in the foundation using incremental nonlinear analysis techniques based on. The structural analysis of an existing concrete gravity dam was aimed at assessing the extent of structural damage caused by the reaction. The slide mode of a gravity dam consists of shallow slide along the foundation base and deep slide in the. The performance of dams and hydropower structures during the wenchuan 512 magnitude 8. A procedure for the timedomain analysis of gravity damreservoir interaction is proposed. Reinforced concrete structures explains the underlying principles of reinforced concrete design and covers the analysis, design, and detailing requirements in the 2008 american concrete institute aci building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary and the 2009 international code council icc.
Gravity dams are solid concrete structures that maintain their stability against design loads from the geometric shape and the mass and strength of the concrete. Earthquake analysis of concrete gravity dams including dam. If the density of concrete is 2400 kgm 3 and that of water is kgm 3, determine the maximum compressive stress at section mn if the depth of the water behind the dam is h 15 m. This paper presents a summary of a structural analysis methodologies to assess the seismic cracking and sliding responses of concrete gravity dams including transient uplift pressures in cracks, b related computer programs, c dam strengthening using posttension anchors, and d related experimental validation work. Safety factors play an important role in the analysis of structural s tability of gravity concrete dams. This necessitates the seismic analysis of concrete gravity dams. Stability analysis of concrete gravity dam on complicated foundation with multiple slide planes.
In recent decades, knowledge of seismology, structural dynamics and earthquake engineering has greatly evolved, leading to the evaluation of existing dams to ensure public safety. During the service life of a dam, operating conditions and natural environmental factors may have led to some deterioration in its structural integrity, mechanical equipment, and foundation. Gravity dams are designed so that each section of the dam is stable and independent of any other dam section. Analysis of the stability is generally conducted at the dam base rock concrete contact and at selected planes within the dam. A comprehensive guide to modernday methods for earthquake engineering of concrete dams.
Pdf seismic stability analysis of concrete gravity dams. Gravity dam is constructed of concrete andor masonry andor laidup. I a simplified analysis procedure in which the response due only to the fundamental vibration mode is estimated directly from the earthquake design spectrum. In gravity dams, crack growth is inhibited by gravitational effects. Gravity dam design united states army corps of engineers.
The slide mode of a gravity dam consists of shallow slide along the foundation base and deep slide in the foundation. Specimens in the field, annual book of astm stan dards, vol. The portland cement usually had to be aged to comply with a. Seismic stability of concrete gravity dams leger 1989. Jul 27, 2014 seismic analysis of concrete gravity dam using fem 1. Earthquake resistant design of concrete gravity dams. Numerical modeling of concrete gravity dams youtube. Several researches disclosed that the methods used to design and reevaluate concrete gravity dams after the 1970s have shown significant advancement. Cgdams is a finite element based program written specifically for the stability analysis of concrete gravity dams. Uncertainty quantification and reduction in the structural analysis of existing concrete gravity dams. Unfortunately, this book cant be printed from the openbook. History shows that several dams were failed and discharged the stored water which causes incalculable damage on life and property. The dam was composed of 100,000 tons of rubble, gravel, and stone. In adopting several different worldwide published dam safety guidelines, a large number of modelling options have been implemented.
Height is the vertical dimension from the downstream toe of the dam at its lowest point to the top of the dam. Pdf concrete dams are vital structures regarding catastrophic impacts in cases of dam failure. A finite element method for the dynamic analysis of concrete gravity dams with displacement based formulation for both fluid and structural domains was presented. Structural dynamics and earthquake engineering books. Earthquake response analysis of concrete dams springerlink. Based on a nonlinear approach, seismic safety evaluation of concrete dams allows engineers to build models that account for nonlinear phenomena such as vertical joint slippage, cracks, and cavitation. Even though stability analysis of concrete structures is a structural engineering responsibility, the analysis. If you need to print pages from this book, we recommend downloading it as a pdf. Design manual for concrete gravity dams, united states. However, predicting the performance of concrete dams during earthquakes is one of the most complex and challenging problems in structural dynamics.
A computer program for the earthquake analysis of concrete gravity dams including base sliding report structural engineering, mechanics and materials chai vez, juan w on. Hydrologic and structural safety evaluation of aged. Finite element has been widely used in seismic analysis of concrete gravity dams utilizing the most natural method based on the lagrangianeulerian formulation. Structural assessment of the mignano solid gravity dam based on the monitoring data. Uplift pressures, shear strengths, and tensile strengths for. Damage to the dam initiates during the seismic analysis in the third step.
Publisher summary this chapter introduces a book that focuses on the fracture mechanics of structural concrete. Earthquake analysis and design of concrete dams has progressed from static force methods based on seismic coefficients to modern procedures that are based on the dynamics of dam waterfoundation systems. Within parts i and ii, each criterion is discussed under its appropriate subject heading. The mechanical behavior of the concrete material is modeled using the concrete damaged plasticity constitutive model described in concrete damaged plasticity, section 18. An important issue regarding the engineering procedures as practiced by all three agencies when performing stability calculations is how uplift water. Seasonal temperature and stress distributions in concrete. The material parameters used in the model to define the mechanical behaviour and the reaction development were calibrated and fixed using the monitoring information available, provided by hydroquebec.
Stability analysis of concrete gravity dam on complicated. Simplified earthquake analysis of concrete gravity dams journal. The dams include concrete gravity dams, concrete arch dams single and double curvature, concrete buttress and multiple arch dams seismic and dynamic response analysis natural. A stress analysis of gravity dams is performed by two methods. Earthquake engineering software the nisee software library cdrom, a collection of research software developed from the 1960s through the early 1990s, is sold out. A gravity dam depends on its weight to withstand the forces imposed on it. A gravity dam is an essentially solid concrete structure that resists imposed forces principally by its own weight. Conventional concrete and roller compacted concrete are both addressed. The rising water will cause hydrostatic force which will tend the dam to slide horizontally and overturn about its downstream edge or toe. Heat transfer and structural analysis models of a typical dam foundationreservoir system are developed. Dec 20, 2017 concrete faced rockfill dams cfrd and rollercompacted concrete rcc gravity dams are the primary choices for dam construction due to the ease and speed of construction. Following its introduction, this monograph is divided into part i, arch dams, and part ii, gravity dams. Concrete faced rockfill dams cfrd and rollercompacted concrete rcc gravity dams are the primary choices for dam construction due to the ease and speed of construction. Coupled thermalstress finite element analysis has been performed on a fullscale concrete gravity dam to determine the impact of changing the time intervals in concrete placing schedule on the.
Lowlevel outlet is an opening at a low level used to drain or lower the water. A concrete gravity dam is a massive concrete structure, roughly triangular in shape, and designed so that its weight ensures structural stability against the hydrostatic pressure of the impounded water and other forces that may act on the dam. The purpose of this chapter is to conduct a general comparison of different fracture procedures in terms of nonlinear response and cracking development for concrete structures using 3d seismic analysis of gravity and arch dams. A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and designed to hold back water by primarily using the weight of the material alone to resist the horizontal pressure of water pushing against it. Most gravity dams have been designed and built during the past century with methods of analysis that are now considered inadequate. Structural analysis of concrete dams, spillways, intake towers, outlet works, gates, valves, etc. Overload and material weakening were taken into account, and a finite difference strength reserve method with partial safety factors based on the reliability method was developed and used to study the antislide stability of a concrete gravity dam on a complicated foundation with multiple slide planes. Chapter 6 concrete dam engineering with examples 1.
The stability of a dam can be analysed in the following steps. Probabilistic finite element analysis of concrete gravity dams. Gravity dam is constructed of concrete andor masonry andor laidup stone that relies upon its weight for stability. Mixture proportioning for mass concrete is discussed in aci 211. Modelling and characterizing a concrete gravity dam for. Methods of analysis used to design arch and gravitytype concrete dams should 1 numbers in brackets refer to items in the bibliography. It could also be used for research and development on stability of gravity dams. Problem 911 a concrete dam has the profile shown in figure p911. Source code on the cdrom and most of the manuals are now available through the. This manual presents analysis and design guidance for concrete gravity dams.
The code automates the prediction and evaluation of cracking in the dam, along the damrock interface, and in the foundation using incremental nonlinear analysis techniques based on. Ghd provides services in dams engineering from foundation and seismic assessments through to geotechnical, hydrological, hydraulic, mechanical and structural design, projects demand indepth skills and a coordinated, clientfocused approach. Crack analysis in structural concrete sciencedirect. Generally, they are constructed on a straight axis, but may be slightly curved or angled to accommodate the specific site conditions. Structural safety is evaluated with respect to the main failure modes cracking, concrete crushing and sliding at the damfoundation interface using the monte. Concrete mix design calculation for m20, m25, m30 concrete with.
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